01 · 1902
Secretin
London, England
The first hormone: an intestinal signal that helped create endocrinology.
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Foundational signals that revealed entire pathways
02 · 1921–1922
Insulin
Toronto, Canada
The peptide hormone that transformed diabetes from a rapidly fatal disease into a treatable condition.
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03 · 1969
TRH
United States
Proof that tiny hypothalamic peptides can command the pituitary.
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04 · 1996 / 2003
Kisspeptin
Hershey, Pennsylvania + international teams
Discovered through cancer research, then revealed as a master reproductive signal.
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05 · 1980s
GLP-1
Europe + North America
An intestinal incretin pathway that reshaped diabetes and obesity medicine.
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